Hi Jay,
1. I don't know much about Google App Engine, but as I understand it's about helping you with the server-side - your Java classes can run on Google's hosted servers, but they're still going to have to output an HTML document to creat your interface and animation and so on, so most of the techniques there will still be the same as if you just hand-coded HTML and JS files. App Engine may help you implement multiplayer, though. (It may help you a lot.)
2. For some games Canvas might not be that much advantage over images and divs and tables. (I'm actually working on a game of my own that displays a map as a bunch of images tiled inside a table; no canvas at all.) That said Canvas does give you a level of precision down to the pixel that's hard to get any other way, it lets you draw curves and diagonals that would be very hard to make out of DOM nodes, and it gives you transparencies and transformations (such as scaling and rotating) too. For your card game, you might find some of those features helpful for spinning card images around to different angles or for stacking them. But you could also find non-canvas ways of doing those things (CSS3 transforms can be used to rotate card images, too). It's ultimately up to you; I think you should give this week's canvas exercises a try, to get a feel for how it works and how helpful it would be, and then make up your own mind.